1. Configuration
# Set username and email
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"
# Check configuration
git config --list
2. Initialize Repository
# Initialize a new Git repository
git init
3. Clone Repository
# Clone a repository
git clone <repository_url>
4. Basic Commands
# Check status of working directory
git status
# Add files to staging area
git add <file>
# Add all files
git add .# Commit changes
git commit -m "Commit message"# View commit history
git log
5. Branching
# List branches
git branch
# Create a new branch
git branch <branch_name># Switch to a branch
git checkout <branch_name># Create and switch to a new branch
git checkout -b <branch_name>
6. Merging & Rebasing
# Merge a branch into the current branch
git merge <branch_name>
# Rebase a branch
git rebase <branch_name>
7. Remote Repositories
# Add a remote repository
git remote add origin <repository_url>
# View remote repositories
git remote -v# Push changes to a remote repository
git push origin <branch_name># Pull latest changes
git pull origin <branch_name>
8. Stashing Changes
# Stash changes
git stash
# List stashes
git stash list# Apply last stash
git stash apply
9. Undoing Changes
# Discard changes in a file
git checkout -- <file>
# Reset last commit (soft reset, keeps changes)
git reset --soft HEAD~1# Reset last commit (hard reset, removes changes)
git reset --hard HEAD~1
10. GitHub Collaboration
# Fork a repository (on GitHub website)
# Create a pull request (on GitHub website)
11. Git Ignore
# Create a .gitignore file to ignore files
echo "node_modules/" >> .gitignore
git rm -r --cached node_modules/
git commit -m "Updated .gitignore"
12. Useful Shortcuts
# Show last commit
git show
# View differences
git diff
